Workshop Egyptox-2000: for better environmental education by the birth of the new millennium.
نویسنده
چکیده
Breast milk has been shown to have multiple benefits to infant health and development. Therefore, it is important that maternal contraceptive choices consider the effects on lactation. Women who observe traditional Jewish law, halakha, have additional considerations in deciding the order of preference of contraceptive methods due to religious concerns including the use of barrier and spermicidal methods. In addition, uterine bleeding, a common side effect of hormonal methods and IUD, can have a major impact on the quality of intimacy and marital life due to the laws of niddah. This body of Jewish laws prohibits any physical contact from the onset of uterine bleeding until its cessation and for an additional week. Health care professionals should understand the issues of Jewish law involved in modern contraceptive methods in order to work in tandem with the halakha observant woman to choose a contraceptive method that preserves the important breastfeeding relationship with her infant and minimizes a negative impact on intimacy with her husband. Review Medical encouragement of breastfeeding Breastfeeding is endorsed by major health organizations as the optimal form of infant nutrition. When infants do not receive breast milk, there are increased health risks for both mother and infant. For women who do not breastfeed, there are increased risks such as an increased risk of breast cancer [1,2]. Research in developed and developing countries has demonstrated that infants who are not breastfed are at increased risk of infant mortality [3-5]. Infants who do not receive breast milk have an increased incidence of many acute [5,6] and chronic conditions [79]. To quote the recent policy statement of the American Academy of Pediatrics, "Human milk is species-specific, and all substitute feeding preparations differ markedly from it, making human milk uniquely superior for infant feeding" [10] (see p. 496). Exclusive breastfeeding is the ideal infant nutrition; it is sufficient to support optimal growth and development for approximately the first six months of life. This half-year of exclusive breastfeeding should be followed by a gradual introduction of ironenriched complementary solid foods with continued breastfeeding for at least twelve months, and thereafter for as long as mutually desired. Therefore, it is important for all health care professionals to protect breastfeeding and minimize barriers that may threaten the mother-infant breastfeeding relationship. Jewish law and its place within Judaism The composite body of Jewish law is known as halakha. It is a system that has evolved over at least two millennia. Written halakhic works include the Mishna (edited Published: 04 January 2007 International Breastfeeding Journal 2007, 2:1 doi:10.1186/1746-4358-2-1 Received: 09 June 2006 Accepted: 04 January 2007 This article is available from: http://www.internationalbreastfeedingjournal.com/content/2/1/1 © 2007 Chertok and Zimmerman; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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